We donвЂ™t really know.В The best estimate IвЂ™ve found for when 6G might become something you expect to find in devices is 2030, though projects associated with it may emerge before that. ThatвЂ™s important, as at least some of the hope for 6GВ is that it will be able to carry power as well as signal, meaning future devices may no longer require us to think about battery life.В Think about how Macs, iPhones and iPads that donвЂ™t need a battery might look.Д«ut the standard isnвЂ™t set, so weвЂ™ll check back say in 2028 on that. WhatвЂ¦.? Replacing the power lines? Wireless powerДЄppleвЂ™s AirPower may never have seen the light of day, but the company has been working on alternative ways to pour power into its devices for years. Think about the standard replacing all the power lines and drawing power from solar and renewable energy, as it must if we are to meet those 2030 environmental targets. Think massively distributed networks of devices, autonomous vehicles and IoT industrial supply chains. But the real benefits of 6G are likely to be far less prosaic than downloading the entire run of GreyвЂ™s Anatomy in two seconds. Actual speed may be far in excess of this and one of the most cited predictions for 6G speed claims 1TB per second, or 8,000Gbps. The aim at present is to make 6G 100 times faster than 5GВ (11Gbps). In quietly revealed news on Christmas Eve 2020, scientists from SingaporeвЂ™s Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and JapanвЂ™s Osaka UniversityВ announced they had built a terahertz chip that can already transmit data at 11Gbps, 10% faster than the (theoretical) top 5G speed (that we havenвЂ™t achieved yet). In part, thatвЂ™s the kind of difference 6G may help make. What about the opportunity?ДЄdoption of such wavelengths would deliver transmission speeds far faster than the already fast promise of 5G ( see below).В While no one has said it, imagine if you could get images beamed down to Earth from the Mars Rover in about the same time it takes you to send a text to your partner. The infrastructure investment, even in homes, is going to be high, we think, and depends on solutions that donвЂ™t existВ - though it feels plausible to think the вЂњ intelligent surfacesвЂќ required to bounce 6G signals around could end up piggybacking on IoT technologies that may then exist, such as whatever tech succeeds the UWB chips already deployed in HomePod mini. There are many challenges to resolve, such as the cost of deployment and the fact that these frequencies are narrow, weak and donвЂ™t go around corners. Its likely rollout will begin at the less-spectacular 275GHz frequencies, migrating to higher bands over time. But it may be useful to note that China has launched a satellite to study how 6G operates in space using terahertz (75GHz to 10THz) wavelengths, which we think will form part of the standard. IвЂ™m going to repeat myself in stressing that this standard is in no way set. IDTechEx claims more than $1 billion has already been invested in the space. No wonder Apple (and everyone else) is interested. So, you have the political commitment, interest from the military industrial and space exploration complexes, and all the opportunity that comes from developing new hardware and materials processes. Despite this, only some of the giants are successfully participating.вЂќ вЂњ6G communications may become an even bigger business than the 5G that is now rolling out worldwide,вЂќ wrote IDTechEx analyst Raghu Das.В вЂњFor both 5G and 6G, the software, hardware and materials opportunities are enormous. Think about how 5G has ended up in the hands of a small number of players and the bad blood around Huawei.В None of these stakeholders want to repeat that mistake.В This suggests weвЂ™ll see a lot of money poured into 6G development to support perceived national interest.

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